The Colour of the Milky Way

Astronomers have determined exactly what colour our home galaxy the Milky Way is, and find it is aptly named. A comparison of star types in other galaxies gives perhaps an unsurprising result: white. But not just any white - specifically, like spring snow at an hour after sunrise or before sunset. The finding was announced at the 219th American Astronomical Society meeting.

"For astronomers, one of the most important parameters is actually the colour of the galaxy," Jeffrey Newman of the University of Pittsburgh told BBC News. "That tells us basically how old the stars in the galaxy are, how recently it's been forming stars - are they forming today or did its stars form billions and billions of years ago?" Finding out how our galaxy looks from the outside is difficult enough given the Earth is inside it. "But it's worse than that,¡¨ Prof Newman says, ¡§not only are we looking at the Milky Way from the inside, but our view is blocked by dust. We can only see about one or two thousand light years in any direction."

So Prof Newman and his student Tim Licquia gathered data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, with information on about a million other galaxies. They compared those data with what they knew about the total mass in the Milky Way, as well as the rate of star formation, looking for near matches among other galaxies. For those most nearly matched to our own galactic home, the team took an average and came up with a precise measure of what colour it must be.

"The best description I can give would be that if you looked at new spring snow, which has a fine grain size, about an hour after dawn or an hour before sunset, you'd see the same spectrum of light that an alien astronomer in another galaxy would see looking at the Milky Way," Prof Newman told BBC News. This "colour temperature" is somewhere between that of an old-fashioned incandescent light bulb and noon-time sunlight; both whites, but subtly different.

And what does the colour tell us about our Milky Way's development - is it a cosmic newcomer or past its prime? "It appears our Milky Way is on the road between those two stages - based on the colour we find, the rate of formation of stars has been declining over time," Prof Newman said. "The Milky way is in a very interesting evolutionary state right now."

By Jason Palmer Science and technology reporter, BBC News

12 January 2012 Last updated at 08:06 GMT

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-16523528